Candidate items were then evaluated by five to seven PTSD measurement experts for clarity of wording and consistency with DSM-5 criteria. (2013) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (5th ed.). Consistent with standards for measure development, 25 existing DSM-5 measures of trauma exposure and PTSD were reviewed for item consideration. (Children younger than age 6 are addressed in a separate section of the DSM. In both specifications, the full diagnostic criteria for PTSD must be met for application to be warranted.Ĭriterion D: negative alterations in cognitions and moodĬriterion E: alterations in arousal and reactivityĪmerican Psychiatric Association. The following criteria from the DSM-5 are for adults, adolescents, and children older than 6 years. Two specifications are noted including delayed expression and a dissociative subtype of PTSD, the latter of which is new to DSM-5. However, with recognition that traumatic events are relatively frequent, this criterion was revised. In the initial formulation of PTSD, a traumatic stressor was defined as an event outside the range of usual human experience. The sixth criterion concerns duration of symptoms the seventh assesses functioning and, the eighth criterion clarifies symptoms as not attributable to a substance or co-occurring medical condition. The DSM-5 reclassified PTSD as a Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorder instead of an Anxiety Disorder. The criteria below are specific to adults, adolescents, and children older than 6 years.ĭiagnostic criteria for PTSD include a history of exposure to a traumatic event that meets specific stipulations and symptoms from each of four symptom clusters: intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity. Note that DSM-5 introduced a preschool subtype of PTSD for children ages 6 years and younger. The diagnostic criteria are specified below. Since the Third Edition, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has increasingly incorporated developmentally informed criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because of recognition that children and adolescents can manifest PTSD differently from adults. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association revised the PTSD diagnostic criteria in the fifth edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (1). For children 6 years and younger, refer to specific alternative criteria. The information below will hopefully be useful in helping you to better understand how this diagnosis is used in practice. Note: The following criteria below apply to adults, adolescents, and children older than 6 years. Understanding the impact of a traumatic experience(s) involves carefully considering the nature of the event(s).
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